What is the normal adult respiratory rate range?

• A. Approximately 8–12 breaths per minute
• B. Approximately 12–16 breaths per minute
• C. Approximately 16–22 breaths per minute
• D. Approximately 12–20 breaths per minute

Answer: (D)

At rest, a healthy adult typically breathes about 12 to 20 times per minute. This range accounts for normal individual variation while distinguishing common resting rates from slower bradypnea or faster tachypnea. The option that matches this standard resting range is 12–20 breaths per minute. Rates below 12 suggest bradypnea, and rates above 20 suggest tachypnea, which can indicate distress or increased metabolic demand. Remember that fever, anxiety, pain, exercise, altitude, or medications can temporarily alter the rate, but 12–20 is the typical resting range for most adults.